Vocabulary
Co-dominance- when two or more traits are equally dominant and both show up in the phenotype.
Dominance- when an allele in the genotype overpowers another trait's allele and shows up in the phenotype. A trait that is dominant can show up in the phenotype if there is a homozygous or heterozygous genotype for that trait.
Gene- A hereditary unit consisting of a sequence of DNA that occupies a specific location in a chromosome and determines a particular characteristic in an organism.
Genotype- the genetic "blueprint" or composition of a life form.
Heterozygous- when a genotype has two or more alleles in the genotype in which all, or some, are different than the others. In other words, there is a mixture of alleles in the genotype that characterize to the trait.
Homozygous- when a genotype has two or more alleles in the genotype in which all are identical and are the same. In other words, there is an identical allele that characterize for the trait that the genotype represents.
Pedigree- "the record of descent of an animal, showing it to be purebred," or a chart or diagram to represent a family history of the transmission of a specific trait.
Phenotype- "the expression of the gene," or what trait you see physically.
Punnett Squares- diagrams that show the chances of various traits in the outcomes in the breeding of two organisms.
Recessiveness- when an allele in the genotype is overpowered by another allele in the genotype. A trait that is recessive will only show in the phenotype if there is a homozygous genotype for that gene.
Dominance- when an allele in the genotype overpowers another trait's allele and shows up in the phenotype. A trait that is dominant can show up in the phenotype if there is a homozygous or heterozygous genotype for that trait.
Gene- A hereditary unit consisting of a sequence of DNA that occupies a specific location in a chromosome and determines a particular characteristic in an organism.
Genotype- the genetic "blueprint" or composition of a life form.
Heterozygous- when a genotype has two or more alleles in the genotype in which all, or some, are different than the others. In other words, there is a mixture of alleles in the genotype that characterize to the trait.
Homozygous- when a genotype has two or more alleles in the genotype in which all are identical and are the same. In other words, there is an identical allele that characterize for the trait that the genotype represents.
Pedigree- "the record of descent of an animal, showing it to be purebred," or a chart or diagram to represent a family history of the transmission of a specific trait.
Phenotype- "the expression of the gene," or what trait you see physically.
Punnett Squares- diagrams that show the chances of various traits in the outcomes in the breeding of two organisms.
Recessiveness- when an allele in the genotype is overpowered by another allele in the genotype. A trait that is recessive will only show in the phenotype if there is a homozygous genotype for that gene.